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Himalayan Salt is chemically similar to Table Salt plus mineral impurities like chromium, iron, zinc, lead, and copper. Pink Himalayan Salt is often said to be the most beneficial as well as the cleanest Salt available on this planet today.

Some Salt crystals from the Himalayas have an off-white to transparent color, while impurities in some veins of Salt give it a pink, reddish, or beet-red color.

The concentration of salt near Khewra, Punjab is said to have been discovered around 326 BC when the troops led by Alexander the Great stopped to rest there and noticed their horses licking the salty rocks. Salt was probably mined there from that time, but the first records of mining are from the Janjua people in the 1200s.

Himalayan Salt is mostly mined at the Khewra Salt Mine in Khewra, Jhelum District, Punjab, which is situated in the foothills of the Salt Range hill system in the Punjab province of the Pakistan Indo-Gangetic Plain.

Pink Himalayan Salt is a truly unique salt. It’s also referred to as Pink Salt, Himalayan Sea Salt, Rock Salt and Himalayan Crystal Salt.

This salt is classified as Rock Salt or Halite, which comes from the Punjab region of Pakistan about 190 miles from the Himalayas. This region has one of the richest salt fields in the entire world, and they are very old. With a history dating back to Earth’s creation, Himalayan Salt is believed to be composed of dried remnants of the original, primal sea.

Himalayan Crystal Salt comes from salt mines 5,000 feet deep below the Himalayan Mountain Range. The salt from these mines has experienced tremendous pressure over millions of years and is said to be over 99% pure. 

Aids in vascular health;
Supports healthy lungs and respiratory function;
Promotes a stable pH balance within the cells;
Reduces the signs of aging;
Promotes healthy sleep patterns;
Increases libido;
Prevents muscle cramps;
Increases hydration;
Strengthen bones;
Lowers blood pressure;
Improves circulation;
Detoxifies the body of heavy metals;
Contract and relax muscles;
Maintain proper fluid balance and prevent dehydration;
Send nervous system impulses;
Prevent low blood pressure.

Pink Himalayan Salt is a much more balanced and healthy choice in comparison to common Table Salt. True, high-quality Pink Himalayan Salt is one of the purest salts you can find.

Table Salt is very heavily processed, eliminating its minerals. Commercial table salt is typically 97.5 % to 99.9% Sodium Chloride. Meanwhile, a high-quality unrefined salt like Himalayan Sea Salt is only about 87 percent Sodium Chloride.

Himalayan Salt contains the same 60 - 84 trace minerals and elements that are found in the human body, a few of which include Sodium Chloride, sulphate, calcium, potassium, and magnesium. When consuming this salt, you are actually getting less Sodium intake per serving than regular Table Salt because it is less refined and the pieces are larger.

Another great thing about this Salt is that, because of its unique cellular structure, it stores vibrational energy. The minerals in this salt exist in colloidal form, which means that they are small enough for our cells to absorb easily.

According tothe Lung Institute, Salt is antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, loosens excessive mucus and speeds up mucus clearance, removes pathogens in the air like pollen, and decreases immune system oversensitivity level.

Halotherapy or Salt therapy is the inhalation of micronized dry Salt within a chamber that mimics a salt cave. Studies have shown halotherapy to be a highly effective drug-free part of successfully treating chronic bronchitis.

Salt in excess amounts may even contribute to autoimmune diseases, as it overstimulates the immune system. Examples of autoimmune diseases include multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and psoriasis.

Pink Himalayan Sea Salt’s rich mineral content can help balance your body’s pH levels. A proper pH helps foster your immunity and encourage good digestion. Since Pink Himalayan Salt contains Sodium as well as other electrolytes, it has a direct effect on the pH of your blood.

This type of Salt is used in the same manner as common Table Salt - in cooking, to season meals, and to preserve food.

Always use pre-ground Salt or grinders like any other kind of Salt. Salt slabs will impart a better taste and mineral content.

Himalayan Salt is also naturally anti-microbial, so cleanup requires only a simple scrub or rinse.

Adding a pinch of Pink Salt to meals or drinks is believed to help the body achieve optimal fluid balance, thus preventing dehydration.

It is true that Sodium is necessary to maintain proper fluid balance, although this is true for sodium from other sources, and not just from Pink Himalayan Salt. 

Botanical Name: Pinus Sylvestris

Botanical Origin: Eurasia

Part Typically Used: Buds

Common name: Flowers, Branch buds

Throughout this structure are : pegged male flowers, female globular which awaiting fertilization and new parts of needles.

Scots Pine  is a species of pine that is native to Eurasia, ranging from Western Europe to Eastern Siberia, south to the Caucasus Mountains and Anatolia, and north to well inside the Arctic Circle in Scandinavia.

Pinus Sylvestris is an evergreen coniferous tree growing up to 35 m in height and 1 m trunk diameter when mature, the tallest on record being a more than 210-year-old tree growing in Estonia which stands at 46,6 m.

The lifespan of pine is normally 150 - 300 years, with the oldest recorded specimens in Lapland, Northern Finland over 760 years.

The genus name Pinus was derived from the Greek Pitus which referred toa Pine or fir tree.

Scots Pine is monoecious, meaning both male and female flowers grow on the same tree. Male flowers comprise clusters of yellow anthers at the base of shoots. Female flowers are small, red-purple and globular, and grow at the tips of new shoots.

Branch buds are around ½ inch long, cylindrical with a dull point, covered in loose, reddish brown, narrowly lance shaped scales.

One of the identifying characteristics of  Pinus Sylvestris is that its leaves, called needles, occur in pairs.  The two, twisted, ridged, blue-green needles form a structure called the fascicle. At first, the needles are covered by a brown, papery, protective sheath that falls off as time progresses.

Winged seeds are released as cone scales open.  Connected spheres of pollen from male flowers fertilise female flowers.  You can often find heaps of pollen in hollows on the ground.  In summer fertilised flowers form green cones. The winged seeds inside  takes 18 months or 3 years to ripen. Autumn cones turn brown.

Botanical Name: Sambucus Nigra Flos.

Botanical Origin: Europe and North America

Part Typically Used: Flowers and berries

Sambucus Nigra is a species complex of flowering plants in the family Adoxaceae native to most of Europe and North America. The English term for the tree is not believed to come from the word "old" but from the Anglo Saxon, meaning fire, because the hollow stems of the branches were used as bellows to blow air into a fire.

It is a deciduous shrub or small tree growing to 6 m tall and wide (rarely 10m tall). The bark, light grey when young, changes to a coarse grey outer bark with lengthwise furrowing. The hermaphrodite flowers have 5 stamens and are borne in large, flat corymbs 10 - 25 cm diameter in late spring to mid summer, the individual flowers ivory white, 5 - 6 mm diameter, with five petals, they are pollinated by flies.

Botanical Name: Meadowsweet Flower (Filipendula Ulmaria)

Botanical Origin: Europe and North America

Part Typically Used: Flowers and leaf

Common name:  Queen of the meadow, pride of the meadow, meadow-wort, meadow queen, lady of the meadow, dollof, meadsweet and bridewort.

Filipendula Ulmaria, commonly known as Meadowsweet or Mead Wort, is a perennial herb in the family Rosaceae that grows in damp meadows. It is native throughout most of Europe and Western Asia (Near east and Middle east). It has been introduced and naturalised in North America.

The stems are 1 - 2 m tall, erect and furrowed, reddish to sometimes purple. The leaves are dark-green on the upper side and whitish and downy underneath, much divided, interruptedly pinnate, having a few large serrate leaflets and small intermediate ones. Terminal leaflets are large, 4 - 8 cm long, and three- to five-lobed.

Meadowsweet has delicate, graceful, creamy-white flowers clustered close together in irregularly-branched cymes, having a very strong, sweet smell. They flower from early summer to early autumn.

Bees use honey as their primary energy source, Pollen is whence they derive the rest of their nourishment: proteins, vitamins, and other vital nutrients. At first glance, Bee Pollen seems like quite a straightforward product - in the course of pollinating thousands of flowers every day, worker bees are repeatedly showered with grains of Pollen, some of which accumulate into granules on the hairs of their hind legs.

But the bees do not consume their Pollen fresh. Instead, they take it into the hive and pack the granules into empty comb cells, mixing them with nectar and digestive fluids and sealing the cell with a drop of honey. Once processed in this way, the Pollen remains stable indefinitely. Beekeepers call this form of pollen "Bee Bread".

Yet the sensory transformation of the Bee Pollen into Bee Bread might be most remarkable. The floral and herbal notes of individual granules become enhanced; the powdery, sandy texture becomes firmer and moister; the acidity from the lactic acid brightens the flavour and tempers possible bitterness; and the fermentation also produces secondary aromas that generate new flavours.

Pipette in the oil bottle is a very needed item for the purpose of setting up a droplet number. This tool is widely used in the medical, chemical, food and beauty industries.

A pipette (sometimes spelled pipet) is a laboratory tool commonly used in chemistry, biology and medicine to transport a measured volume of liquid, often as a media dispenser.

Famous 19th Century scientist, Louis Pasteur, is well remembered as a founder of medical microbiology. After three of his children died of typhoid before reaching adulthood, Pasteur focused on trying to understand the cause and prevention of diseases.

He is best known for inventing a method to stop milk and wine from causing sickness, the process known as pasteurization.

At the time people thought that spontaneous generation was responsible for the spoiling of food or beverages.  However, Pasteur demonstrated that fermentation is caused by the growth of micro-organisms contaminating the materials from outside, as spores on dust. This became known as Germ Theory.

Once this understanding was clearly established, the need to keep everything clean and germ free became fundamental to all experiments. To achieve this Pasteur invented the pipette to ensure that liquids could be removed from or transferred between vessels without introducing foreign elements that could contaminate the contents. This valuable tool became known as the "Pasteur pipette", a term still widely used today.

Pasteur pipettes are also called teat pipettes, droppers, eye droppers and chemical droppers.

Perfect for selecting small samples of microorganisms to transfer to a new growth medium, they helped Pasteur to isolate pure cultures. The addition of a rubber teat made aspiration and dispensing of the sample, simple and very quick.

The pipette is highly needed to ensure the sterility of the product. Then we use pipette  there is no other contact with the product at that time.

Many pipette types work by creating a partial vacuum above the liquid-holding chamber and selectively releasing this vacuum to draw up and dispense liquid. Measurement accuracy varies greatly depending on the style.

Not only are pipettes probably more accurate, they are much faster to use, as filling and emptying can be done rapidly, unlike with a burette. Pipettes can more accurately dispense volumes, particularly smaller volumes than a burette.

In work wit oils or essential oils we use glass or plastic pipette (Pasteur pipettes). Be sure you use the proper size tip for each pipette. Always use a new tip for each different liquid.

Spatula derives from the Latin word for a flat piece of wood or splint (a diminutive form of the Latin spatha, meaning broadsword), and hence can also refer to a tongue depressor. The words spade (digging tool) and spathe are similarly derived. The word spatula is known to have been used in English since 1525.

Glass spatula is ideal for every type of powdered or granulated material. A very practical accessory in cosmetic Lab. Stirring, taking pastes and high viscosity liquids etc.

One end is like a normal glass rod, the other end is like a glass spatula for an improved stirring.

The purpose of this tool is to mix and take the finished product.

The glass do not like the heat, keep it in mind then you working with this glass spatula.

The main reason for using this glass spatula in cosmetics is that it can be thoroughly washed and re-converted into a sterile tool (the use of metal spatula can oxidized your product).

Botanical Name: Opuntia ficus indica;

Common Method of Extraction: Cold-pressed;

Part Typically Used: Dried seeds;

Color: From  pale to medium greenish or greenish yellow appearance;

Consistency: Rich, fatty, silky smooth feel;

Smell:  Prickly Pear Seed Oil has a pronounced but pleasant odour, seed oil has a unique smell we would describe as floral, fruity and a sweet honey;

Self life: Cactus Seed Oil is very rich in natural anti-oxidants and has a long shelf-life. Stored out of direct, strong light and heat, cactus seed oil should stay in good condition for up to 18 months;

Common name:  Barbary Fig Oil, Prickly Pear Oil or Cactus Seed Oil;

Prickly pear is a genus consisting of about 200 species of cactus. Prickly pears are the fruits of this resistant cactus that are native to Mexico and South America, but that are grown in many areas of the world, including South Africa, Australia, United States of America, Tunisia and it also grows in the desert in southern Morocco.

Prickly Pear ( Barbary Fig ) Seed oil is a natural oil extracted from the seeds of the fruit of the Opuntia Ficus Indica Cactus. This cactus will grow up to 2 meters in height and needs little water.

The Opuntia Ficus Indica Cactus produce beautiful bright yellow and pink flowers in the spring which produce fruit by the end of summer.

To make Cactus seed oil farmers harvest the ripe cactus fruit around the end of July. When ripe, the ovoid Cactus fruit is slightly soft, 5 to 8 cm in length and has a green to reddish purple colour.

It is the Cactus fruit that contains a reddish, greenish, yellowish sweet pulp full of black seeds. One other thing to note about prickly pear seeds is that although Cactus pears carry an average of 150 - 300 seeds each, only a tiny amount of oil can be extracted from each seed.

The seeds are separated from the fruit and dried. Barbary Fig oil is cold pressed from these seeds. Prickly pear Cactus seeds are hard and woody and contain less than 5% oil. This is why 1000 kilos of fruit yields just 30 Kilos of seeds. Each 30 kilos of Cactus seeds makes just one litre of pure oil.

Cold pressed and organic Prickly Pear Cactus Seed oil is produced from Cactus seeds alone. These seeds produce very little oil but the oil obtained has a wide range of nutrients. It has 150% more anti aging and anti oxidant Tocopherol than even Argan oil.

The oil is rich in minerals and has over 80% omega - 3 and omega - 6 fatty acids. It is fatty acids that repair and generate tissue within the body helping with the natural healing process.

Studies also found Prickly Pear Seed oil to be exceptionally rich infatty acids, particularly in linoleic acid.

One study measured between 61,4 - 68,9% linoleic, 12,38 - 16,51% oleic, and 11,44 - 15,89% palmitic acid. In yet another study, of the total fatty acids present in the seed oil, 70,3% consisted of linoleic, followed by 16.7% oleic. With regard to its lipid profile, Opuntia Seed oil was considered exceptionally rich and comparable with Grape Seed oil.

A 2014 study found that the Prickly Pear Seed contained 403 mg/kg of Vitamin E mostly in the form of γ-tocopherol. Some studies considered the tocopherols in the seed oil to be capable of making the seed oil quite stable.

A German study focused on topical treatments containing phytosterols. The results indicated that phytosterols not only stopped the slow-down of collagen production, but they actually encouraged new collagen production. Thus, the researchers suggested that phytosterols can reverse the effects of aging and may be useful additions to anti-aging products.

Traditional Moroccan medicine also uses whole prickly Pear fruits for their hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic actions. Opuntia Ficus Indica is used in other regions as laxative, anti-inflammatory, or against diarrhoea.

Prickly Pear Seed oil reviews also reveal it is also an antacid, astringent, antidermatosic, emollient, antiseptic, vulnerary, analgesic, expectorant, antiviral, sedative and antioxidant.

Intensive anti aging treatment for lines and wrinkles on the face;
Repair damaged hair;
Reduce dark circles under the eyes;
Rich moisturiser for dry skin;
Calms inflamed, red or blotchy skin;
Reduces dark skin pigmentation and marks;
Restores skin elasticity and firms skin;

Cactus Seed oil is a rich, fatty oil suitable for most skin types including those with sensitive skin. Perfect for deep hydration and protection of the face and hair in any environment.

Cactus Seed oil has 150% as much Vitmain E as Argan oil, additional minerals, plant sterols, Betalains that help with lightening dark marks and Vitamin K for “spider veins” and dark circles under the eye.

With large amounts of linoleic acid, Vitamin E, phytosterols, and polyphenols, Prickly Pear Seed oil stimulates healthy cell production and turnover, provides protection, and helps skin retain moisture. These components make the oil an extremely rich and skin-nourishing oil. It soothes, hydrates, and reduces inflammation that can damage collagen, and it can prevent skin aging and wrinkles.

Barbary Fig Seed oil can be used as a treatment for dry hair and scalp. Use small amounts and work into target areas of damaged hair. Combine Barbary Fig Seed oil with Argan oil for hair treatments to boost shine and improve hair condition.

The Berber women have for centuries used this oil as a secret beauty regime.

Botanical Origin:  East Asia (China, Japan, Korea, Russian Far East, Himalayas)

Common Method of Extraction: CO2 extracted

Part Typically Used: Fruit

Color: Yellow

Consistency: Thin
 
Perfumery Note: Middle

Shelf Life: One year in closed pack under cool storage conditions and exclusion of light.

Strength of Initial Aroma: Bitter, sour, sweet, fruity.

Blends Well With: Grapefruit, bergamot, lavender, rose, geranium, black spruce, ylang ylang essential ols.

Common name : Wu Wei Zi - China

Chemical structure: The major active compounds in schisandra are lignans (schizandrin, deoxyschizandrin, gomisins, and pregomisin) found in the seeds of the fruit. Also, there are Beta Carotene, Niacin, Riboflavin, Thiamin, Wuweizisu-C, volatile elements: alfa-pinene, camphene, beta-pinene, myrcene, alfa-terpinene, limonene, terpinene, p-cymene, thymol methyl ether, bornyl acetate, citronellyl acetate, linalool, terpinene-4-ol, alfa-terpineol, geraniol, borneol, citronellol, benzoicacid, beta-elemene, alfa-ylangene, cuparene, sesquicarene, beta-chamigrene, alfa-chamigrene, shamigrenol, beta-bisabolene, ethyl benzylether, alfa-santalene, clovene, beta-caryophyllene, beta-selinene, thyjopsense, santalol;alpha-santalol, nonylphenol, 1-methyl-4-methylethenylcyclohexene, phenyl-2-propanone, isolongifolene. 

Note: Very concentrated.

Schisandra Chinensis is a deciduous woody vine native to forests of Northern China and the Russian Far East. The plant likes some shade with moist, well-drained soil. The species itself is dioecious, thus flowers on a female plant will only produce fruit when fertilized with pollen from a male plant. Schisandra is a woody vine with numerous clusters of tiny, bright red berries.

There are two similar species of Schisandra - Schisandra Chinensis and Schisandra Sphenanthera. Both have been used interchangeably in Chinese medicine for centuries where they are known as Wu-wei-zi which translates as ” Five taste fruit” - sour, sweet, bitter, warm, and salty. All of these five elements come across deliciously in the aroma of this co2 extract of the dried Sphenanthera berries.

Therapeutic Properties :

Anti-inflammatory
Antioxidant
Adaptogenic
Aphrodisiac,
Anxiolytic
Digestive.

Fields of application: Amnesia, anxiety, asthma, cancer, chronic diarrhea, cough, diabetes mellitus, difficulty breathing, dropsy, dysentery, excessive perspiration, excessive thirst, headache, heart palpitation, hyperglycemia, hypertension, impotence, indigestion, infertility, insomnia, nervous exhaustion, neuralgia, neurasthenia, night sweats, nocturnal emission, nonicteric hepatitis, polyuria, premature ejaculation, seminal emissions, spermatorrhea, stridor, tuberculosis, chronic cough and asthma, irritability, insomnia, dreamful sleep and forgetfulness.   

Contraindications: Schisandra fruit extract is classified as safely consumed. Possible side effects include heartburn, acid indigestion, stomach pain, anorexia, skin rashes and hives.

Pregnancy / Lactation: It should not be used by pregnant women. Its use is contraindicated in individuals in pregnancy as it may induce uterine contractions. There are no data on its use during lactation.

Children: Schisandra fruit co2 extract demonstrates anit-irritant, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Schisandra fruit co2 extract can be used in products for sensitive skin, calming lotions and creams in baby products.

Guidelines: Diluted: for topical use : 1 - 100%. (recommended safe usage: 1,0 - 5,0%)

Schisandra co2 is most remarkable for its adaptogenic properties, its ability to focus the mind and uplift the spirit. it is one of the 50 fundamental herbs of traditional Chinese medicine, and has long been used as a way to balance the Yin and Yang.

In Russia, Schisandra also has a history of use for its ability to protect the body against a range of external stressors.

Wu Wei Zi (China) name means "Five Taste Fruit". Due to the fact that Schisandra possesses all five of the classical "tastes" (sour, bitter, sweet, spicy and salty) and thus possesses the essence of all five of the elemental energies (wood, fire, earth, metal and water), it is respected as a health-providing tonic in the same class with Ginseng and Ganoderma.  

The product reduces hyper proliferation, is a cox-2 inhibitor and has anti-irritant, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties.

In food supplements and natural remedies as anti-hepatotoxic, anti-mutagenic, anti-asthmatic and anti-diabetic agent. The product has relaxant, tonic and adaptogenic properties, increases resistance against stress factors, stabilises cell membranes, inhibits oxidative cell damage and reduces inflammation.

It is also an effective anti-depressant, useful for people suffering with fatigue and good for increasing brain efficiency.

Schisandra co2 extract has adaptogenic properties, meaning it can help the mind and body respond to stress better. Schisandra has been shown scientifically to balance cortisol release and to prevent adrenal fatigue.

Schisandra co2 extract is used as a whole-body tonic. In particular, it supports intestinal function and helps alleviate intestinal problems. In addition, it has been shown to help detoxify the liver and improve hepatic function.

Schisandra is used to increase energy levels and help focus the mind. For this reason, Schisandra has reputedly been given to Russian astronauts to help them improve performance while in space.

In personal care cosmetics Schisandra fruit co2 extract is used for treatment of stressed, sensitive and hyper reactive skin, as prophylaxis in case of problem skin, atopic skin and skin tending to allergies.

The product reduces hyper proliferation, is a cox-2 inhibitor and has anti-irritant, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties.

It features heavily in health and beauty products, supposedly reducing ageing and helping to maintain a youthful glow and is widely used for its sedative actions.

Schisandra fruit co2 extract also can be used to beautify the skin and to protect the skin from the damaging effects of the sun and wind.

Due to the astringent quality of Schisandra, the skin tends to hold its moisture and becomes full and beautiful. It has always been very popular with the wealthy men and women of China because of its youth preserving and rejuvenating effects.

People who start taking Schisandra regularly all change for the better. Their skin virtually glows and becomes clear and fine after one-two months. Recommended concentration of Schisandra fruit co2 extract in cosmeceutics and skin care products is 0,001 - 0,05%.

In the Eastern world Schisandra has been used for thousands of years, is a phenomenal adaptogen which in plain English means it helps the mind, body and soul counteract any stressful situation we may encounter and makes us less prone to disease as well.

Schisandra fruit co2 extract with its interesting range of bioactive lignans is used in food and beverage industry, food supplements and natural remedies where its recommended concentration is 0,01 - 0,5%.

For convenient use, it is recommended to dilute the extract in any vegetable oil (Sunflower, Olive, Grape seed) in ratio of 1:20 before use as a food additive.

Botanical Name: Leptospermum scoparium.

Botanical Origin: New Zealand

Common Method of Extraction:  Steam Distilled

Part Typically Used: Leaves and twigs.

Color: From light clear yellow to dark brown.

Consistency: Medium and slightly oily.
 
Perfumery Note: Top to Middle.

Shelf Life: 2 - 7 years.

Strength of Initial Aroma: Woody, earthy, balsamic. It is richer and warmer than common Tea Tree. Manuka essential oil has a woodsy, cedar like smell that is much warmer than Tea tree. Manuka oil has a honey-like aroma, sweet yet herbaceous and medicinal.

Blends Well With: Lavandin, Lavender, Clary Sage, Rosemary, Oak Moss, Pine, Cananga, Geranium, Marjoram and Spice oils, particularly Clove and Nutmeg.

Common name: Manuka myrtle, New Zealand Teatree, Broom Tea-Tree, Tea Tree, Mānuka.

Chemical structure:

Leptospermone
(E)-Calamenene
a-Pinene
Cadina-3,5-diene
Delta-Cadinene
a-Copaene
Favesone
Cadina-1,4-diene
B-Selinene
a-Selinene
Isoleptospermone:

Note: This species is often confused with the closely related species Kānuka - the easiest way to tell the difference between the two species in the field is to feel their foliage - Mānuka leaves are prickly, while kānuka leaves are soft. The wood is tough and hard.

Leptospermum Scoparium is a species of flowering plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae, native to New Zealand, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, and the Chatham Islands.

It is a prolific scrub-type tree and is often one of the first species to regenerate on cleared land. It is typically a shrub growing to 2 - 5 m tall, but can grow into a moderately sized tree, up to 15 m or so in height. It is evergreen, with dense branching and small leaves 7 - 20 mm long and 2 - 6 mm broad, with a short spine tip. The flowers are white, occasionally pink, 8 - 15 mm in diameter, with five petals.

Evidence suggests that Leptospermum Scoparium originated in Australia before the onset of the Miocene aridity, and dispersed relatively recently from eastern Australia to New Zealand. It has been postulated that on arrival in New Zealand, Leptospermum scoparium became established in limited edaphically suitable areas until the arrival of the Polynesian people. It is now found throughout New Zealand, but is particularly common on the drier east coasts of the North and South Islands, and in Australia in Tasmania, Victoria and New South Wales.

Mānuka (from Māori) is the common name used along with "Jelly Bush" and "Tea Tree" in Australia and to a lesser extent also in New Zealand. This name arose because Captain Cook used the leaves to make a "tea" drink.

Aromatherapy specialists gives priority to Manuka oil from New Zealand. Manuka essential oil is about 100 different compounds. Compared with other representatives of the family (Myrtle essential), Manuka essential oil is quite unique. Ethereal oil is very important trichetones (Triketone) - leptospermone and favesone. It is particularly important that manuka is grown birthplace - New Zealand. In Australia growing Manuka essential oil has many times less trichetones (Triketone).

Monoterpenes, which gives the Manuka ethereal oil particularly good antibacterial properties, appears only in the fourth year of life of the plant, vital triketones accumulate only in certain geographical areas for growing plants. Manuka essential oil from The East Cape region of New Zealand has been confirmed as having the highest antimicrobial activity. There is evidence indicating that it is up to 20 times more potent than Australian Tea Tree oil (Melaleuca Alternifolia).

Mānuka sawdust imparts a delicious flavour when used for smoking meats and fish. It is cultivated in New Zealand for Mānuka honey, produced when honeybees gather the nectar from its flowers, and for the pharmaceutical industry.

Therapeutic Properties:

Antibacterial
Anti-fungal
Anti-inflammatory
Antiseptic
Antimicrobial
Antihistamine
Cicatrisant
Cytophylactic
Relaxant.

Manuka essential oil is considered beneficial for those who have a highly sensitive nervous system. It can help for those prone to stress and anxiety and is used to sooth old psychic wounds. This essential oilcan help protects and balance the nervous system. Chakras associated with this essential oil are 2nd,3rd, 4th and 6th.

Dandruff is an annoying scalp complaint that is very difficult to get rid of permanently even when you spend large amounts of your hard earned cash on commercial anti-dandruff products.

Fortunately, there are a number of natural remedies and Manuka essential oil is one of the more effective. Dandruff is typically caused by insufficient moisture or oil on the scalp and Manuka essential oil is a great way to deal with these causes. It can help balance the level of oil on the scalp and also fight any scalp infections.

This oil has varied effects on the skin. It can be used to cure itches, rashes, skin diseases, sores, chafing and other problems related with the skin, as well as to cure pain in the muscles and joints.

Manuka essential oil supports the appearance of healthy-looking skin, reduces the appearance of blemishes, and can be added to your favorite skin care products.

Manuka essential oil works as a very effective deodorant for your body and feet.

Botanical Name: Piper methysticum

Botanical Origin: Western Pacific (Vanuatu)

Common Method of Extraction: CO2 (Extract)

Part Typically Used: Roots.

Color: Bright yellow.

Consistency: Very thick (waxy substance).  With gentle warmth this will become liquid and easy to work with.

Shelf Life: Lengthy

Strength of Initial Aroma: Soft, warm, earthy scent, rich and somewhat peppery.

Common name: The name kava(-kava) is from Tongan and Marquesan. Kava pepper, yangona.
Hawai - Awa
Samoa - Aava
Fiji - Yaqona
Pohnpei - Sakau
Vanuatu - Malok or Malogu.

Chemical structure: Kava lactones, kawahin, yanoginin, methysticin, glycosides. methysticin 8.0 %, 7,8-dihydromethysticin 7.3 %, d,l kawain 14,4 %, 7,8-dihydrokawain 17.2 %, yangonin 7.0 %, 1,2 desmethoxyyangonin 6.0 %.

Kava-Kava is a traditional herb of the Pacific Islands that has a fascinating and somewhat mysterious history going back over 3000 years. Kava is consumed throughout the Pacific Ocean cultures of Polynesia, including Hawaii, Vanuatu, Melanesia and some parts of Micronesia.

Kava is a beverage or extract that is made from Piper Methysticum, a plant native to the western Pacific Islands. The name "Kava" comes from the Polynesian word "Awa" which means bitter.

The several cultivars of Kava vary in concentrations of primary and secondary psychoactive alkaloids. The largest number are grown in the Republic of Vanuatu, and so it is recognised as the "home" of Kava. Kava was historically grown only in the Pacific Islands of Hawaii, Federated States of Micronesia, Vanuatu, Fiji, the Samoas and Tonga. Some is grown in the Solomon Islands since World War II, but most is imported Kava is a cash crop in Vanuatu and Fiji.

The Kava shrub thrives in loose, well-drained soils where plenty of air reaches the roots. It grows naturally where rainfall is plentiful. Ideal growing conditions are 21 - 35 °C and 70 - 100% relative humidity. Too much sunlight is harmful, especially in early growth, so Kava is an understory crop.

Kava cannot reproduce sexually. Female flowers are especially rare and do not produce fruit even when hand-pollinated. Its cultivation is entirely by propagation from stem cuttings.

Traditionally, plants are harvested around four years of age, as older plants have higher concentrations of kavalactones. After reaching about 2 m height, plants grow a wider stalk and additional stalks, but not much taller. The roots can reach a depth of 60 cm.

Kava is used for medicinal, religious, political, cultural and social purposes throughout the Pacific. These cultures have a great respect for the plant and place a high importance on it. This practice remained unknown to the rest of the world until James Cook, an English naval captain and explorer, discovered the plant's use in 1777 during one of his voyages in the Pacific Islands.

There are many folk tales about the origin of Kava-Kava, but most rely on a central theme that involves the first plant growing on the grave of someone who had been sacrificed.

Drinking the traditional Kava drink is thought to symbolically turn the drinker into a sacrificial victim. Kava- Kava has traditionally been used and continues to flourish as a ceremonial beverage. We recall stories of Polynesian Islanders sitting around in "Kava Rooms" literally becoming drunk and intoxicated with so much Kava that they fell into a stupor.

New research points to Melanesia as the point of origin, maybe New Guinea or the Solomon Islands. It was first encountered by Europeans in the 18th century during the voyage of Captain Cook, who first recorded the process and ceremony in detail.

According to Cooks account, the root was chewed and then pounded into mulch, which was then mixed with water to produce a brownish bitter beverage that was consumed for its psychoactive properties. Kava-Kava is still used quite frequently today in the Pacific Islands during social gatherings, as well as recreationally.

Whole roots, with the smaller rootlets that tendril from the main shaft being higher in active compounds. Powdered root is its main form for consumption to date. Same people sad that Kava essential oil has the same effect on them as the powder.

Many cases of liver damage and even some deaths have been traced to Kava use. As a result, Kava has been banned from the market in Europe and Canada. This ban has hurt the economies of Pacific Island countries that export Kava. Despite health concerns, Kava has not been taken off the U.S. market.

Therapeutic Properties :

Aphrodisiac
Anxiolytic
Euphoriant
Hypnotic (stress-induced insomnia)
Local anesthetic
Mood elevating
Muscle relaxant
Sedative (mild)
Social lubricant.

Contraindications : Consult a qualified healthcare practitioner before you use if you have liver problems (toxic to the liver) or are taking any medications. It's metabolized by the liver. It is not recommended to use internally. But if you want to use CO2 internally that start with a very low doses.

A hangover effect, visual disturbances, and insightfully vivid dreams have been reported with higher doses. Kava might make Parkinson's disease worse. Do not take Kava if you have this condition. 

Kava affects the central nervous system. It might increase the effects of anesthesia and other medications used during and after surgery. Stop using Kava at least 2 weeks before a scheduled surgery.

Pregnancy / Lactation : Consult a qualified healthcare practitioner before use in pregnancy or lactation period. There is a concern that it might affect the uterus. Also, some of the dangerous chemicals in Kava can pass into breast milk and might hurt a breast-fed infant.

Children: Consult a qualified healthcare practitioner before use it.

Guidelines: No more than 5% Kava-Kava CO2 with 95% of another carrier oil.

Kava has been the key plant of the traditional medicine of the islands of the South Pacific for centuries. It has been used for a wide range of both Central Nervous System centered and peripheral effects. While the former group of effects, most notably Kava's potential for treating or managing anxiety, stress and depression

As noted in one literature review: "Peripherally, Kava is indicated in traditional Pacific medicine for urogenital conditions (gonorrhea infections, chronic cystitis, difficulty urinating), reproductive and women's health, gastrointestinal upsets, respiratory ailments (asthma, coughs, and tuberculosis), skin diseases and topical wounds, and as an analgesic, with significant subtlety and nuance attending the precise strain, plant component (leaf, stem, root) and preparative method to be used."

Kava today is primarily known for its anxiolytic properties. According to numerous studies, including the recent placebo-controlled clinical trial undertaken at the University of Melbourne Kava could be a safe, non-addictive and effective remedy in treating generalized anxiety disorder and a potentially safer and alternative to tricyclic antidepressants and benzodiazepinesfor the treatment of anxiety disorders.

Kava is also known for having a sleep inducing and potential sleep quality-enhancement effects  and might be an effective remedy for common restlessness and more serious insomnia.

Recent findings suggest that the consumption of Kava might have potential benefits for preventing or treating various forms of cancer, most notably bladder, colon and lung cancer.

Kava is sedating and is primarily consumed to relax without disrupting mental clarity. Its active ingredients are called kavalactones. A systematic review of its evidence by Cochrane concluded it was likely to be more effective than placebo at treating short-term social anxiet. The roots of the plant are used to produce a drink with sedative, anesthetic, euphoriant, and entheogenic properties.

Kava-Kava CO2 contains 70% Kava pyrones, the major constituent known for reducing anxiety, tension, and restlessness and inducing relaxation. It is an excellent addition to relaxing blends and especially massage. Kava CO2 extract to be a great relaxant. Just take a drop with a toothpick under your tongue. Almost like drinking Kava itself. Overall, it is a potent product.

Some people take Kava CO2 by mouth to calm anxiety, stress, and restlessness, and to treat sleeping problems (Insomnia). It is also used for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, withdrawal from benzodiazepine drugs, epilepsy, psychosis, depression, migraines and other headaches, chronic fatigue syndrome, common cold and other respiratory tract infections, tuberculosis, muscle pain, and cancer prevention.

Most research shows that taking Kava extracts that contain 70%kavalactones can lower anxiety and might work as well as some prescription anti-anxiety medications.

Most studies have used a specific Kava extract (WS 1490, Dr.Willmar Schwabe Pharmaceuticals). But some inconsistent evidence exists. One reason for the conflicting results may be the duration of treatment. It's possible that treatment for at least 5 weeks is necessary for symptoms to improve. Also, Kava might be more effective in people with severe anxiety, in female patients, or in younger patient

Some people also take Kava by mouth for urinary tract infections, pain and swelling of the uterus, venereal disease, menstrual discomfort, and to increase sexual desire.

Kava is applied to the skin for skin diseases including leprosy, to promote wound healing, and as a painkiller. It is also used as a mouthwash for canker sores and toothaches. CO2 is efective for Neuralgia, particularly of the trifacial nerve, toothache, earache, ocular pain, reflex neuralgia, anorexia, dizziness and despondency, gonorrhoea, chronic catarrhal inflammations, vesical irritation, painful micturition, dysuria.

Unlike the leaves and stems, Kava roots do not contain liver toxins.

Pulverized or powdered Kava root to make a milky drink, liquid herbal extract, capsule, or cut root added to decoction tea.

Kava-Kava root CO2 is also used in meditation to help reach a trance state. Improving concentration during meditation.

Kava extracts that contain 70% kavalactones can lower anxiety and might work as well as some prescription anti-anxiety medications.

Botanical Name: Ormenis multicaulis, Ormenis mixta, Chamaemelum mixtum.

Botanical Origin: Morocco.

Common Method of Extraction: Steam distilled.

Part Typically Used: Stem and flower.

Color: Transparent yellow-green to yellow-brown.

Consistency:.Thin.
 
Perfumery Note: Top.

Shelf Life: 1-2 years.

Strength of Initial Aroma: Fresh, herbaceous, balsamic undertone, fruity-green fragrance, luscious and syrupy, with notes of apple and grenadine.

Blends Well With: Cedarwood, Cypress, frankincense, Lavender, Oakmoss, Vetiver essential oils.

Common name: Wild Chamomile and Moroccan Chamomile.

Chemical structure: This essential oil contains mainly terpenes with alpha-pinene being major, around a third of santolina and yomogi alcohols, some camphor and 1,8 cineole.

Alcohols 41% have antiseptic, bactericidal, antiviral, diuretic and immune stimulating properties.
Monoterpens 24% have antiseptic properties and are possible skin irritants.
Sesquiterpenes 9,7% have anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-allergenic and cooling properties.
Esters 3,5%have spasmolytic, sedative, anti-fungal properties.  They can be mildly anti-inflammatory.

Note: Moroccan chamomile is not considered a True chamomile. It should not be used as a replacement for Roman or German oils in a blend, because it is chemically and aromatically different.

Moroccan Chamomile is an annual herb belonging to the Asteraceae (Compositae) family.

Moroccan Chamomile is different from the other Chamomiles in both chemical composition and scent. Moroccan Chamomile is used throughout the fragrance industry, commonly as a top note in colognes and perfumes. Ormenis Multicaulis is one of three varieties of Chamomile used in perfumery and cosmetics.

Significantly different from Matricaria Recutita (Blue Chamomile) or Chamomile Roman, Wild Maroccan Chamomile is native to northwestern Africa. It grows abundantly in the wild in northern Morocco and has been distilled in that country since the nineteen-seventies.

Wild Maroccan Chamomile blossoms in the spring, forming its characteristic flowers at the ends of stems that grow to more than one meter in height. The entire plant is hand-harvested on concessions allotted by the government and distilled fresh.

Wild Maroccan Chamomile is a perennial herb with hairy leaves. The flowers resemble small daisies, with sunny-yellow centers surrounded by white ligules. Most likely originally from northwest Africa, Ormenis Mixta has spread wild throughout the Mediterranean basin.

Moroccan Chamomile essential oil is not from a true Chamomile plant. It is used mainly in perfume blends, and for aromatherapy. This is a product new to the market, it does not have a long history of traditional uses like True Chamomile.

Therapeutic Properties:

Mucolytic
Antimicrobial agent
General tonic.

Contraindications : No knowledge

Pregnancy / Lactation : Do not use during pregnancy and lactation (emmenagogue).

Children: Good oil to use on children (always well diluted, suitable for 6 months+).

While some claim that Moroccan Chamomile is not a True Chamomile, as it is steam-distilled from a Chamomile-like cousin perennial plant, yet this renegade oil responds with an incredible array of benefits for the skin as it it is rich with sesquiterpenes and azulenes. This essence also known as Ormenis offers herculean healing for body and soul.

While Moroccan Chamomile has its own useful properties, they are not the same as German Chamomile. Moroccan Chamomile is usually sold by the name "Ormenis oil". Ormenis is said to be good for skin problems such as acne, eczema, dermatitis, and cysts. It has also been used for rheumatism and is supportive of the gall bladder.

It is also known for its calming properties; and can relax stress and tension simply by inhaling the complex aroma of this oil. Soothing, calming and relaxing. Traditionally used as a muscle relaxant and skin conditioner.

Aromatherapists may recommend that you blend a couple of drops of Maroccan with Lavender in a burner or vaporiser and set it going half an hour before bedtime. It's also thought to help to relieve headaches and migraines and is a useful oil to have around in times of emotional stress.

It is considered to have antispasmodic, cholagogue, emmenagogue, hepatic and sedative properties.

Wild Moroccan Chamomile is a fairly new addition to the world of aromatherapy, although it has been used in Morocco for generations.  It is known as a skin healer and regenerator: and has become a popular addition to skin cremes, natural make up, and all kinds of natural body products.

The first aromatic impression as one inhales, is that of a sweet balsamic, fruity, herbaceous bouquet. Within the next 20 minutes, the aroma becomes richer, more well-rounded and mellow as the heart notes are revealed. After 45 minutes a more distinct apple pear fruity, honey note becomes apparent and linked together with the other sweet balsamic, herbaceous notes presents a lovely ambrosial harvest bouquet.

Deep into the dry out, well after 1 hour, the air remains charged with a fine powdery, ambery, sweet, fruity, herbaceous bouquet. The strength of the aroma is somewhat reduced from the first hour of its aromatic life but remains very much alive for more than 5 hours.

Blue Tansy like all of the Blue essential oils containing the activeazulene is best known for it is skin care properties as an anti-inflammatory. It has also been credited by aromatherapists as being an antihistamine and antispasmodic.

Blue Tansy is a supreme skin soother, apply to skin that needs deep relaxing. Dilute with Jojoba oil to make calming serums that can be applied to red, irritated, inflamed, blemished skin and allow the epidermis to drink in this true blue tonic.

Emotionally, Blue Tansy is known to ignite feelings of self-control, focus, and balance. Sufferers of respiratory imbalances have had wonderful results using Blue Tansy oil as an inhalant, either with a diffuser, salt pipe or a simple handkerchief. It is believed by some to induce relaxation, reduce nervous tension and stress, and be beneficial for allergies.

Tansy essential oil nourishes the spirit by helping it to release pent up anger and frustration, longstanding resentments, and subconscious fear.

It helps to create harmony between body, mind, and soul by addressing the root emotional issues that have manifested themselves as problematic symptoms in the body. Calm the nervous system, address inflammation, and be the master of your emotions with this vibrant, complex oil.

Blue Tansy has a very high resonance energy making it a high vibrational oil. It releases the emotions of anger and control and allows more flow in our life.

It will calm those who feel overwhelmed to the point where they are losing self-control. And in this respect, I get that it will help with addictions and negative habits that are self destructive to the body, mind and spirit.

Chakra affected: Throat chakra.

Botanical Name: Tanacetum annuum.

Botanical Origin: Morocco.

Common Method of Extraction: Steam distillation.

Part Typically Used: Flowers.

Color: Vivid, deep blue.

Consistency: Medium to viscous.
 
Perfumery Note: Middle/ Base

Shelf Life: 4-5 years.

Strength of Initial Aroma: Sweet floral.

Blends Well With: Rose, frankincense, lavender, spikenard, german chamomile, roman chamomile, yarrow, palo santo, immortelle, sandalwood, marjoram, bergamot and peppermint essential oils.

Common name: Moroccan Tansy, Annual Tansy.

Chemical structure:
Chamazulene
B-Myrcene
Camphor
Sabinene
B-Eudesmol
3,6-Dihydrochamazulene
B-Pinene
a-Phellandrene

The oil is a magnificent blue color. This comes fromchamazulene that is produced during a precise distillation process. The guaiol and guaiazulene are known to reduce the body's response to irritation. Chamazulene can only be produced when distilling certain plants very accurately. Chamazulene is called an artifact for this reason. Blue Tansy essential oil are the only plants that will produce this highly sought after artifact. Blue Tansy contains 3-6% Chamazulene.

Note: Tansy Blue is often mistakenly referred to as Moroccan Chamomile (Ormenis multicaulis (aka Ormenis mixta)), although Moroccan Chamomile is actually an entirely different species. Both contain azulene. Schnaubelt lists blue Tansy (Tanacetum annuum) as Moroccan Chamomile in his works. It is important to be familiar with the botanical names of plants for this reason.

Tanacetum annuum is often confused with common Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) but the former produces an essential oil that is completely different chemically as it contains no thujone and high amounts of chamazulene making the oil dark blue in color, giving rise to it common name of Blue Tansy oil. Despite claims by some unethical resellers of essential oils who adulterate the very expensive Blue Tansy (Tanacetum annuum) oil with the much cheaper oil from Tanacetum vulgare, it should be noted that the oil from Tanacetum vulgare is never blue in color as it contains no chamazulene.  For this reason a high thujone oil from Tanacetum vulgare should never be referred to as "Blue Tansy" oil and any such blue oil containing significant thujone is an adulterated product.

Tansy comes from a Greek word "Athanaton" meaning "immortal".

Tanacetum annuum produces leaves and flowers, from which the Blue essential oil tansy Blue is extracted through high pressure, low heat steam extraction.

Blue Tansy (Tanacetum annuum) is confusingly also known as Blue Moroccan Chamomile - not to be confused with Moroccan Chamomile (Ormenis multicaulis). It owes its other synonym, Moroccan Tansy, to its country of origin, Morocco. Blue Tansy is an annual herb that produces one of the “blue” essential oils, other “blue” essential oils include German Chamomile (Matricaria recutica), Yarrow (Achillea millefolium), and Roman Chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile). All members of the Asteraceae plant family, the “blue” oils owe their nickname to the azulene chemical component present in the essential oil (from the Spanish word "azul", meaning blue).