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Hippocrates recommended Olive oil as "Lama" (medicine), nominating more than sixty different uses.

Preliminary clinical studies provide evidence that consumption of Olive oil may lower risk of heart disease risk factors such as lower blood cholesterol levels and reduced LDL cholesterol oxidation, and that it may also possibly influence inflammatory, thrombotic, hypertensive and vasodilatory mechanisms. Although epidemiological studies indicate that a higher proportion of monounsaturated fats in the diet may be linked with a reduction in the risk of coronary heart disease.

It has an anti-oxidant effect on the human body cells, stimulates bone growth and calcium absorption. It contains mono-unsaturated fat that helps to reduce bad cholesterol levels on your blood, help control high blood pressure and aid in the prevention of diabetes and some cancers, while it strengthens immune system.

In one study, monounsaturated fats such as from Olive oil benefited mood, decreased anger, and increased physical activity.

There has been relatively little scientific work done on the effect of Olive oil on acne and other skin conditions. However, one study noted that the abundance of Squalene in oils in general shows promise for sufferers of seborrheic dermatitis, acne, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis. Squalene is used as an antioxidant, moisturizer, and as a convenient vehicle to carry other substances in topical application.

Another researcher reported that a mixture of Honey, Beeswax, and Olive oil alleviates diaper dermatitis, psoriasis, and eczema by inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans.

Pilot studies showed that Olive oil may reduce oxidative damage to DNA and RNA, revealing a possible anti-carcinogenic factor. Consumption of Olive oil may prevent the onset of Alzheimer's disease, possibly through a mechanism related to oleocanthal inhibiting fibrillization of tau protein.

Limited and not conclusive scientific evidence suggests that eating about 2 tbsp. (23 g) of Olive oil daily may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease due to the monounsaturated fat in Olive oil.

During labour, the Vitamin E in the mother's blood is concentrated in the breast glands and so, during breast feeding, the mother continues to supply Vitamin E. It is essential to maintain the levels of this vitamin during breast feeding. The beneficial effect of oleic acid lasts beyond pregnancy. Besides its documented effectiveness in preventing hypercholesterolaemia and atherosclerosis, which is a process that can begin in childhood, oleic acid also appears to exert a positive influence on growth and bone mineralisation and development during infancy.

Side Effects:

The researchers conclude that they do not recommend the use of Olive oil for the treatment of dry skin and infant massage. Clinical trials have found that Olive oil does not act to prevent or reduce stretch marks. 

Olive oil is soothing and healing to all skin types

Olive oil has been indicated that the actual first uses of Olive oil were actually for the body and not for internal use. Olive oil has a long history of being used as a home remedy for skincare.

It is used as a natural moisturizer, for shampoos (treating dandruff and preventing hair loss) to create shiny hair and as conditioner, for oil massages, soaps for the body, to remove eye make up, to smooth out and minimize wrinkles, as rejuvenator of the skin, strengthens nails and cuticles, and for many other uses.

Olive oil has many antioxidant properties. Olive oil absorbs UV radiation and is very efficient in lowering metabolism rate of the body cells. Olive oil's antioxidants, including Vitamins E and A, can repair skin damage caused by weather and air pollution.

Olive oil can make skin appear firmer and smoother, while it reduces the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Olive oil can use as a daily moisturizer that will penetrate deep into the skin.

Olive oil has religious symbolism for healing and strength. The Minoans used Olive oil in religious ceremonies. The oil became a principal product of the Minoan civilization, where it is thought to have represented wealth.

Homer called the Olive oil "Liquid gold”.

Athens, the ancient city and today's capital of Greece, is named after the Goddess Athena, who brought the Olive to the Greeks as a gift. Zeus had promised to give Attica to the god or goddess who made the most useful invention. Athena's gift was Olive, useful for light, heat, food, medicine and perfume, and it was picked as a more peaceful invention than Poseidon's horse - touted as a rapid and powerful instrument of war.

Various religions ( Christianity, Islam, Judaism) still use Olive oil for rituals, in meditation and for authenticity lamps.

Eastern Orthodox Christians still use oil lamps in their churches, home prayer corners and in the cemeteries.

The Tamanu tree(Known in English as Alexandrian Laurel, Tamanu, Pannay tree, Sweet Scented Calophyllum) is indigenous to tropical Southeast Asia. It is found in Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar, Malaysia, South India, Sri Lanka, and the Melanesian and Polynesian islands.
The Tamanu tree is 2 - 3m high,and has a thick trunk covered with a rough, black and cracked bark. It has elliptical, shiny and tough leaves.

Its fowers, arranged in axilliary cymes, have a sweet, Lime-like fragrance. The tree, which fowers twice a year, is said to attain a great age. The Tamanu tree blooms twice annually with fragrant, white flowers, which later yield clusters of yellow-skinned spherical fruit nut.The fruit’s pulp tastes similar to an Apple, within which a large nut is embedded. The nut contains an odorless pale kernel, called punnai in some Pacific areas.

The harvested fruits are slightly crushed to safely extract the nuts which are then sun-dried in thin layers on outdoor drying racks over a period of around eight weeks. During this time, the nuts turn brown and lose about a third of their original weight. Inside, their germinating power disappears and their oil content becomes very high.
This is unlike most vegetable oils which are present in the ripened fruit. Tamanu oil does not exist in the fruit when it falls from the tree but forms progressively during the drying period.

Once dried, the oil is extracted from the nuts by cold-pressing and filtration. Around 5kg of cold pressedoilis produced for every 100kg of fruit, the typical yield of an adult.

The resulting oil of Tamanu is dark green and luxurious. Though oil of Tamanu is thick and rich, once it is applied to skin it is readily and completely absorbed, leaving no oily residue. This sticky oil is cold-pressed to make a greenish yellow oil.

Based on the known activity of known constituents, it is clear that oil of Tamanu possesses antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. The unique cicatrizing properties of Tamanu oil are not yet explained in existing scientific literature, though this activity is established and accepted.

Chemical structure:

General lipid composition:

Neutral lipids -  92%
Glycolipids - 6,4%
Phospholipids - 1,6%

Neutral lipids:

Monoacylglycerols - 1,8%
sn -1,3 - Diaglycerides - 2,4%
sn -1,2 (2,3) - Diaglycerides - 2,6%
Free fatty acids - 7,4%
Triacylglycerols - 82,3%
Sterols, sterolesters and hydrocarbons - 3,5%

Glycolipids:

Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol - 11,4%
Acylated sterolglucoside - 13,1
Monogalactosylmonoacylglycerol - 22,2%
Acylmonogalactosyldiacylglycerol - 53,3%

Phospholipids:

Phosphatidylethanolamine - 46,3%
Phosphatidylcholine - 33,8%
Phosphatidic acid - 8,1%
Phosphatidylserine - 6,1%
Lysophosphatidylcholine - 5,7%

Calophyllic acid - a novel fatty acid found only in Tamanu oil.
Calophyllolide - a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory 4-phenyl coumarin.

Jacareubin - an antibiotic xanthone which inhibits S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis and S. typhimurium.
Calophyllum B - an antibiotic xanthone which inhibits the growth of P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis.
Calanolide A - a coumarin which inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase.
Calaustralin - a 4-phenylcoumarin.
Calophynic acid - a dihydro coumarin.

Since the 1920’s oil of Tamanu (Calophyllum Inophyllum) has been studied in hospitals and by researchers in Europe, Asia and the Pacific islands.

The oil is used in Chinese traditional medicine to treat rheumatism, skin infections, wounds, leprous nephritis, pain, eye diseases, and inflammation.

This oil is especially recommended forall kinds of burns (sunburns or chemical burns), most dermatoses, postsurgical cicatrization, certain skin allergies, acne, psoriasis,herpes, chilblains, skin cracks, diabetic sores, haemorrhoids, dry skin, insomnia, hairloss.
Incosmetology, it is used in the preparation of regenerative creams. Fiji natives use Tamanu oil for joint pains caused by arthritis and gout.
The oil is also used for relieving nerve pain from sciatica or shingles. Tamanu oil is valued for its analgesic and pain-relieving properties.

Tamanu oil possesses a unique capacity to promote the formation of new tissue, thereby accelerating wound healing and the growth of healthy skin. Its benefits are notable for scarring, stretch marks, minor cuts and abrasions, rashes, sores.

A 57-year old woman was admitted to a hospital in Paris with a large, gangrenous ulcer on her leg that would not heal. Normally, the leg would have been amputated. The leg was treated regularly with dressings of Calophyllum, and healing took place slowly within 7 months. The wound healed completely leaving only a smooth, flat scar.

The oil is applied to suppurating wounds including  coral sores and is commonly used for rubbing on the limbs of children who are slow in learning to walk. Tamanu oil has been employed successfully to heal severe burns caused by boiling water, chemicals and X-rays.

Tamanu oil is a remarkable topical healing agent with skin healing, antineuralgic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antibiotic, and antioxidant properties.
These healing properties make it effective on scabies, ringworm, and athletes foot,  jock itch, eczema, and diabetic sores. It is also used on babies to prevent diaper rash and skin eruptions.

This oil is used in cases of gonorrhoea and gleet.

The anti-HIV activity of the following coumarins has also been reviewed and includes: calophyllolide, inophyllum P (Soullatrolide), inophyllum B, inophyllum C, and inophyllum E.

Antibacterial activity in vitro analysis:

At a dose of 20 mcg/disc in an agar well diffusion assay, caloxanthone A, calophynic acid, brasiliensic acid, inophylloidic acid, calophyllolide, and inophyllum C and E, were found to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus but not Vibrio anguillarium , Escherichia coli , and the yeast Candida tropicalis .

Antiviral activity in vitro analysis:

Various chemical components of C. inophyllum have been examined for antiviral activity. Inophyllums are considered novel nonnucleoside inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase. Inophyllum B was active against HIV-1 in cell culture with an IC50 of 1.4 millimoles (mM). Inophyllum P (soullatrolide) also has anti-HIV activity.

Anticancer activity (Animal studies) :

The isolation of 10 natural 4-phenylcoumarins from Calophyllum Inophyllum inhibited (except inophyllum C and calocoumarin C) Epstein-Barr virus early antigen in Raji cells. Calocoumarin-A exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity in a 2-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis test.

Side Effects:

Tamanu oil is generally considered safe when used topically, it may trigger allergic reactions in some individuals.

If you experience itching, redness, irritation, or other adverse effects upon using tamanu oil, discontinue use of the product immediately.

Tamanu oil may cause hypersensitivity reactions in patients with an existing allergy to plants in the Clusiaceae family.

Information regarding safety and efficacy in pregnancy and lactation is lacking.

Suitable for dry, sensitive, problematic with acne skin types.

Tamanu oil is the traditional oil used by Polynesian women for promoting healthy, clear, blemish-free skin. This oil is a rich, luxurious, thick oil that can be applied sparingly by itself, or in combination with other oils in skin care applications where healing is needed for dry or damaged skin.

Hawaiian Tamanu nut oil hydrates dry skin and has anti-inflammatory properties that reduce the swelling of rashes, insect bites, and sunburns.

Tamanu oil also possesses significant antimicrobial, antibacterial, and anti-fungal qualities.

Facial oil treatments with Tamanu could help clear acne and fade acne scars in those who have a dry, chapped facial skin type, however it is a bit too heavy for those with sensitive facial skin.

Some proponents also claim that Tamanu oil can help aid in the regeneration of skin. For this reason, Tamanu oil is thought to help reduce the appearance of stretch marks and scars.
In addition, Tamanu oil is used as an ingredient in a variety of personal-care products, including lotions, serums, and moisturizers. Tamanu is also found in many creams said to reduce the appearance of stretch marks and scars.

Tamanu oil has been thoroughly researched, and the conclusive evidence on its ability to heal damaged skin is overwhelming. While oil of Tamanu is thick and rich, once it is applied to skin it is readily and completely absorbed. Skin feels smooth and plump, with no oily residue. It can be used directly on the skin or mixed within formulations,

It has also been used for hair and scalp conditions. Dry and dull hair (as a nourishing and moisturizing remedy).

Tamanu oil is very good for weak nails (as a strengthening, promoting growth remedy).

Before the conversion of the Polynesians to Christianity, the Tamanu trees were considered as sacred. They were planted inside the royal marae (sacred areas).

There, according to ancient beliefs, the Gods would hide in the Tamanu trees and watch human sacrifices without being seen. It was their answer to skin protection from hot sun, high humidity and ocean wind.

In Christianity idols and gods were carved out of Tamanu wood. It is still considered a sacred relic of the past.

Camellia Sinensis (chá huā Yóu) is the species of plant whose leaves and leaf buds are used to produce the popular beverage tea.  White tea, Yellow tea, Green tea, Oolong, Pu-erh tea and Black tea are all harvested from this species, but are processed differently to attain different levels of oxidation. Kukicha (Twig tea) is also harvested from Camellia Sinensis, but uses twigs and stems rather than leaves. Common names include Tea Plant, Tea Shrub, and Tea Tree.

Camellia Sinensis is native to East, South and Southeast Asia, but it is today cultivated across the world in tropical and subtropical regions. It is an evergreen shrub or small tree that is usually trimmed to below 2 m when cultivated for its leaves. It has a strong taproot. The flowers are with yellow-white.

The seeds of Camellia Sinensis can be pressed to yield Tea oil, a sweetish seasoning and cooking oil that should not be confused with Tea Tree oil (Melaleuca Alternifolia), an essential oil that is used for medical and cosmetic purposes, and originates from the leaves of a different plant.

Tea Seed oil (Camellia) is an edible, pale amber-green fixed oil with a sweet, herbal aroma. It is cold-pressed mainly from the seeds of Camellia Sinensis.

Camellia oil has several synonyms such as White Camellia oil, Camellia Sasanqua oil, Tea Seed oil, Camellia Seed oil, Tsubaki, Cha Hua. The oil is derived by cold pressing from Camellia plant seeds.

Camellia flowers  are native to Japan and North China a long time ago, where they blossom in November and stay fresh even under the snow. The flowers can be white, pink or red color. Within six months the seeds are ripened and used for expressing the purest natural oil with precious qualities for health, skin and hair care.

Chemical structure:

Camellia Seeds contain between 40 - 50% of nutritive oil that is low in saturated fat. Approximately 85% of the fatty acid composition contained in Camellia oil is in the form of monounsaturated oleic acid. Camellia oil is also a rich source of other omega-3, omega-6 and omega-9 fatty acids plus Vitamin E andpolyphenols. It has a shelf life of at least 18 months when stored in a cool dry place, away from direct sunlight. The recommended usage is 2 - 10% in most formulations.

Research by Preventive Medicine Sun Yat-Sen University, Institute found Camellia Extract used for bathing and washing powder.

Camellia oil is commonly used to clean and protect the blades of cutting instruments.

Camellia oil is a high quality cooking oil that remains stable at high temperatures. It possesses a high smoke point of 485F (251C).

Relatively little-known outside East Asia, it is the most important cooking oil for hundreds of millions of people, particularly in southern China. Camellia oil resembles Olive oil and Grape Seed oil in its excellent storage qualities and low content of saturated fat.

Camellia seed oil is used in salad dressings, dips, marinades and sauces, for stir frying and frying and in margarine production.

Used for centuries in Japan and China, but discovered in the West relatively recently Camellia oil is true elixir for health and beauty.

Camellia Seed oil is great to use during pregnancy. Camellia oil is ideal for face massage due to its fast absorbency and light, velvety consistency, safe and gentle as baby massage oil too.

Oil has been shown to reduce bad cholesterol.

Tea Seed oil is also used as an ingredient in the Chinese medicated oil Po Sum On.

Suitable for dry, normal, mature, oily, allergy prone skin types.

Camellia oil has been used for centuries for beauty of skin and hair in China and Japan. Geishas of Kyoto used to moisturize their skin and hair with Tsubaki oil.

Samurais wiped their swards with Camellia oil to protect it from rusting and corrosion, which is an early evidence of its excellent antioxidant qualities.

Camellia oil is currently a popular ingredient for face creams particularly dry and mature skin, after-sun lotions, shampoos and conditioners for dry and damaged hair. This natural, moisturizing oil has a light but lively scent that has been recognized for centuries for its restorative and rejuvenating effects on skin.

Camellia oil has outstanding moisture and emollient properties and it is one of the lightest and fast absorbent plant oils. It penetrates skin as fast as water, leaving it supple and hydrated. Th oil contains mono-saturated essential fatty acids and very high in oleic acid (Omega-9 fatty acid). Camellia oil contains Vitamins A, B, and E and one of the most precious constituent for skin such as phytosqualene. Squalene is a natural component of human sebum. With age the deficiency of Squalene results in dry skin, premature aging and wrinkles.

Camellia oil protects skin from harmful UV and environmental damage, forming a thin shield against strong sun rays and change of temperatures. It also known to protect from age spots, freckles and excessive pigmentation. It is safe to use around eyes to prevent from crowfeet and mimic lines. In fact for pregnant women Camellia oil is beneficial in preventing and diminishing stretch marks.

Camellia oil can also be used to hydrate dry and damaged hair. It's softens hair and makes it more manageable,  treats dry scalp and itchiness, forms a barrier against environmental pollutants.

Camellia oil is a nutrient and antioxidant-rich body skin moisturizer and softener (especially in areas such as elbows, legs, knees and heels). It heals minor acne scars.

Camellia oil is very god for nail care.

Rose Hip Seed oil is a pressed seed oil, extracted from the seeds of a Wild Rose bush (Rosa Moschata or Rosa Rubiginosa) in the southern Andes.

Rosehip Seed oil can also be extracted from Rosa Canina, which grows in many regions of the world including South Africa and Europe. The "Hip" is the fruit of the rose plant and continues a multitude of fatty acids and other components that are responsible for the wonderful properties of Rosehip oil.

It is unique among vegetable oils in containing retinol (Vitamin A), and is also high in vitamin C. Rose Hip Seed oil is high in the essential fatty acids - linoleic acidor omega - 6, and linolenic acid or omega - 3. It is commonly used in skin care products.

Chemical structure:

Rich in essential fatty acids: Oleic, Palmitic, Linoleic and GLA, Vitamins A, C, D, E, antioxidant flavonoids.

Rose Hip oil also contains polyunsaturated fatty acids (Vitamin F) also known as essential fatty acids (EFA), and when they are absorbed through the skin, they convert to prostaglandins (PGE), which are involved in cellular membrane and tissue regeneration.

Particularly high in Vitamin C, with about 1700¨C2000 mg per 100 g in the dried product, one of the richest plant sources.

Rose Hip Seed oil can be useiing cold on salads like a sauce, but this oil is not used for frying.

Suitable for dry, mature, with scars and redness skin types.

Rose Hip oil  used for a variety of skin conditions, including dermatitis, acne and eczem. This oil  used as a herb in alternative herbal treatments to treat ailments and problems, such as colds, flu and gastritis. It is used for fighting wrinkles and lines and as a remedy for sun damaged skin and to reduce scars.  

The oil extracted from Rosa Rubiginosa has excellent tissue regeneration properties and helps to reduce scars (trauma and surgical).

Rose Hip oil brings about skin regeneration and wound healing. It contains trans-retinoic acid, which is responsible for skin rejuvenation and quickens healing.

The anti-scarring property of Rosehip oil is not only applicable to acne scars. It may be used (under medical advice) on scars left from chicken pox as well as minor burns and other types of wounds. It can also be applied to scars left from boils and other forms of injury. There has been some consideration whether Rosehip oil can be used safely on the scars left after surgery for breast cancer.

Rose hip oil have anti-microbial properties, it is also good for PMS and menopause syptoms.

The fruits of Rosa Canina are used for colds, influenza, scurvy, gastritis and to control diarrhea, while the fruits from Rosa Laevigata are used to treat urinary dysfunction, infertility, chronic diarrhea and to regulate kidney function.

Rose Hip oil is very readily absorbed by the skin and doesn't leave the oily residue. Apart from the moisturizing, soothing and softening effect that it has, it furthermore contains polyunsaturated fatty acids (Vitamin F) also known as essential fatty acids (EFA), and when they are absorbed through the skin, they convert to prostaglandins (PGE), which are involved in cellular membrane and tissue regeneration.

This oil has a moisturizing, soothing and softening effect. Rose Hip Seed oil (Rosa Rubiginosa) contains Vitamin A, which helps to delay the effects of skin aging, assists with cell regeneration, and promotes collagen and elastin levels to increase.

Rose Hip oil have 9 fatty oleic acid (omegaacid) and linolenic acid (omega - 3 fatty acid)  which is considered as keeping skin supple and moisturiser. Also oil have  antioxidants, beta-carotene, lycopene and Vitamin C, which are important for protection from free radical damage, linoleic acid (omega - 6 fatty acid) which can play a role in the structure of the membranes of the cells.

Specific benefits of Rose hip oil include:

Research has indicated that it may have benefits for reducing some scars, is helpful in healing burns and stretch marks.

Drying effects of the sun and climate, as well as assisting with attenuating both accidental and surgical scars.

Aids in reducing redness associated with facial rosacea.

Many acne sufferers find that it can be improve the quality of their skin.

Reduces the appearance of premature aging skin as it can reduce wrinkles, crow's feet and fine lines.

Great treatment for dry skin.

Good for after sun skin care regime.

For treating hair problems including dandruff, dry hair, and damaged hair.

Good for eyelash and nails strengthening.